New research suggests that the number of people worldwide suffering from diabetes is set to more than double by 2050, reaching a staggering 1.3 billion individuals. The study highlights the impact of structural racism and stark inequalities between countries as major contributors to the rising global diabetes epidemic. This comprehensive analysis, projecting data up to 2050, reveals that every nation on the planet will witness an increase in the number of individuals affected by this chronic disease. With 529 million people already estimated to be living with diabetes, urgent action is required to address the underlying causes and mitigate its future impact.
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A Global Concern:
Diabetes, currently one of the top 10 causes of death and disability, affects a significant portion of the global population. Approximately 95% of diabetes cases are classified as type 2 diabetes. The study, published in the Lancet journal, predicts that this figure will surpass 1.3 billion within the next three decades.
Contributing Factors:
High body mass index (BMI), often indicating overweight or obesity, was identified as a key factor linked to over half of the deaths and disabilities associated with diabetes. Other significant factors include individuals’ diets, level of physical activity, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption.
Changing Diets and Lifestyle:
The lead research scientist at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Liane Ong, emphasized the impact of shifting dietary patterns on the rise of diabetes cases. Traditional food habits, such as consuming fruits, vegetables, and healthier greens, have been increasingly replaced by highly processed foods in many countries. This change has contributed to the global diabetes burden.
Disparities in Diabetes:
The research also projected that by 2045, three-quarters of adults with diabetes will reside in low- and middle-income countries. However, even in affluent nations like the United States, diabetes rates are significantly higher among minority populations such as black, Hispanic, Asian, or Native Americans, according to a separate Lancet study. Racist policies, including residential segregation, were identified as contributing factors, impacting people’s access to healthy food and healthcare services.
Addressing the Challenge:
Lead researcher Liane Ong noted that no single intervention can solve the complex issue of diabetes. Combating this epidemic will require long-term planning, investment, and global attention from governments around the world. The Lancet, in an accompanying editorial, emphasizes the need to recognize the social nature of diabetes and acknowledge the true scale of the threat it poses. The disease is expected to define the health challenges of this century.
The projected increase in diabetes cases to 1.3 billion by 2050 serves as a wake-up call to address the structural racism and inequalities contributing to this global health crisis. Urgent action is required to promote healthier diets, increase physical activity, and improve access to quality healthcare services. By understanding the social determinants of diabetes, societies can work together to mitigate the impact of this disease and improve the well-being of millions worldwide.
