India has confirmed its first cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Bengaluru, marking a significant development amid a global surge in infections, including a rise in cases in China. Two infants, both with a history of bronchopneumonia, tested positive for the virus, prompting health authorities to closely monitor the situation. The infants were admitted to Baptist Hospital, where the three-month-old female was discharged after treatment, while the eight-month-old male continues to recover.
The Union Health Ministry confirmed that neither infant had a recent international travel history, underscoring that HMPV is already circulating globally, including within India. Despite the confirmed cases, there has been no unusual surge in influenza-like illnesses (ILI) or Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) in the country. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) will continue tracking trends in the virus’s circulation.
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HMPV is known for causing cold-like symptoms but can lead to more severe illness in young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. The virus, first identified in 2001, is seasonal, with higher prevalence during winter. In response to the rise in respiratory illnesses, the Indian Health Ministry held discussions to review developments in China, where cases have been climbing. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been providing updates to assist ongoing measures.
In comparison to COVID-19, HMPV shares similar symptoms such as coughing, fever, and shortness of breath but typically peaks during winter and spring. Research suggests that HMPV cases tripled in some regions following the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions, indicating a possible link between lockdowns and weakened immunity.
