In the City of David National Park in Jerusalem, archaeologists have uncovered large fortifications that likely protected the ancient city. Prof. Yuval Gadot from Tel Aviv University described the find as significant, sparking new discussions about biblical references to Jerusalem’s topography, like the Ophel and the Millo.

Dr. Yiftach Shalev from the Antiquities Authority noted that the fortifications were likely used during the First Temple period and the Kingdom of Judah, creating a distinct separation between the residential and upper parts of the city. This discovery underscores the commitment of Israeli archaeologists to validating ancient narratives about Jerusalem.

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The discovery of a moat and walls provides insight into the ancient city’s structure. The City of David, considered the original core of Jerusalem where King David unified Israel, is central to this find. It also reshapes our understanding of the city’s layout and will lead researchers to reassess biblical descriptions of Jerusalem’s boundaries.

The exact date of the excavated moat is unclear, but Shalev suggested that major construction projects in Jerusalem are typically from the Middle Bronze Age, about 3,800 years ago. This timeline aligns with Jewish accounts of King David’s arrival in Jerusalem approximately 3,000 years ago.

Shalev noted that if the moat dates from this period, it was likely designed to defend the city from the north, the City of David’s only vulnerable area.

Researchers suggest that the fortification was built through extensive rock quarrying to form the moat. Perpendicular cliffs on both sides of the moat, initially puzzling the excavators, were later recognized as part of a fortification line.

Ancient Jerusalem was situated on a narrow, steep ridge, and many construction efforts aimed at altering the surrounding topography. This aligns with biblical accounts, such as the first book of Kings, which describes King Solomon’s work on the “Millo” (supporting terraces) and closing the city’s breaches.

The excavation findings will be showcased at the City of David’s “Jerusalem Studies Experience” Conference in early August.