Pakistan’s second-largest city is once again covered in thick smog as Lahore’s AQI climbed to hazardous levels, making it one of the most polluted cities in the world.
According to the latest Air Quality Index (AQI⁺) data, Lahore’s AQI reached 332, placing it in the “Hazardous” category. The city ranked second globally in the list of the most polluted major cities, just behind Delhi, which recorded an AQI of 518. Karachi also appeared on the list with an AQI of 235.
The main pollutant behind the surge in Lahore’s AQI is PM2.5, measured at 241µg/m³, nearly 48 times higher than the World Health Organization’s recommended safe limit. These fine particles can deeply penetrate the lungs, causing severe health problems, especially for children, the elderly, and those with respiratory or heart conditions.
Environmental experts have warned that consistent exposure to such poor air quality may lead to chronic illnesses, heart diseases, and shorter life expectancy. Residents are being urged to avoid outdoor activities, wear N95 masks, and use air purifiers at home whenever possible.
Despite the government’s steps to curb pollution — including vehicle restrictions, industrial emission monitoring, and awareness campaigns — the smog situation remains critical. Experts attribute the worsening air to vehicular emissions, crop residue burning, and stagnant weather conditions.
As winter approaches, air pollution is expected to intensify due to lower wind speeds and temperature inversion. Environmentalists stress the urgent need for strict implementation of anti-smog policies and regional cooperation to address this escalating crisis.
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If conditions continue to deteriorate, Lahore may face prolonged health and environmental challenges throughout the smog season, highlighting the pressing need for long-term, sustainable air quality management in Pakistan.
