ISLAMABAD – The National Institute of Health (NIH) has issued an advisory on the prevention and control of seasonal influenza after Pakistan reported 340,856 suspected cases nationwide between epidemiological weeks 44 and 49.
The advisory aims to alert health authorities and stakeholders to ensure timely preventive measures and prepare for increased workloads in outpatient and inpatient departments over the coming months.
According to NIH, influenza is an acute viral respiratory illness caused by influenza A and B viruses. It triggers annual epidemics, with Influenza A associated with higher transmission and more severe disease. High-risk groups include older adults, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease.
During the 2025–2026 season, a new genetic subclade of Influenza A (H3N2), known as Subclade K, has emerged globally. The South-East Asia region has reported increased influenza positivity, with H3N2 accounting for 66% of all Influenza A cases since May 2025. Australia and New Zealand have also reported significant rises in H3N2 infections.
In Pakistan, rising cases of influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) have been reported through the Integrated Disease Surveillance & Response System. Among tested samples, 12% were positive for H3N2. Health authorities warn that seasonal influenza can be mild but may develop into severe illness, especially in high-risk individuals.
The advisory emphasizes vaccination as the most effective prevention against influenza, particularly for high-risk groups. The virus spreads through coughing, sneezing, or contact with contaminated surfaces. Preventive measures include:
- Frequent hand washing and use of sanitizer
- Covering the mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing
- Staying home if sick and avoiding crowded places
- Practicing social distancing
The Public Health Emergency Operations Center (PHEOC) at CDC-NIH is closely monitoring the influenza situation. Authorities warn that due to the upsurge of H3N2 cases, limited healthcare access, and low community awareness, the flu season could be severe.
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NIH urges individuals to get vaccinated, maintain good hygiene, and seek medical care promptly if symptoms appear, ensuring the nation is better prepared to manage the impact of influenza this season.
